What is the primary purpose of intraosseous (IO) access in Critical Care Transport?

The primary purpose of intraosseous (IO) access in Critical Care Transport is to provide a rapid means of delivering fluids and medications. In emergency situations where intravenous (IV) access may be difficult or time-consuming—such as in patients who are dehydrated, in shock, or in cases of severe trauma—IO access offers a quick alternative. It allows for effective administration of vital interventions, such as fluids for resuscitation or medications for pain management or other critical conditions.

The IO route allows healthcare providers to access the vascular system through the bone marrow, where blood is effectively produced. This method is particularly useful in scenarios involving pediatric patients, where obtaining IV access can be challenging due to small vein size, or in severely dehydrated patients whose veins may collapse.

Monitoring patient vitals, assessing neurological function, and performing surgical procedures are important aspects of patient care but do not directly relate to the primary function of IO access. Its main utility lies in emergency situations requiring immediate therapeutic interventions, making it a crucial aspect of critical care transport.